Fluid-operated motor



May 17, 1927.

w. G. NAlsMlTH FLulD OPERATED MOTOR Filed Deo. 6, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l grwcnlo/p @7221157112171- @Hoang I' May 17 1 1927 w, G. NAISMITH FLUID OPERATED MOTOR Filed Das.

2 sheets-sheet 2 K attentat,

Patented May 17, 1927.

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WILLIAM Gr. NAISMI'IH, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DENVER ROCK `.DRILL MFG. CO., OF

DENVER, COLORADO.

rLUin-PERATED Moron.

Application :filed December 6, 1922. Serial N o. 605,290.

add surplus Yweight lto Ythe machine or re-` quire the operator to Vbear'heavily against it to keep it in proper action. In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is lav plan view ofv a form of construction that is at present considered preterable.` f

` Figure 2 is an end view of t-he same with parte shown in section, d

' Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view illustratingv the position of the valve when the piston has made its operative stroke, and is initiating its return movement, f,

Figure4 4 is a longitudinal sectional view, lwith the'parts reversed from Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a lview in elevation, of the valve,

Y Figure 6 isa longitudinal sectional view through one of the valve chest closure plugs.

` Figure 7 is a detail longitudinal sectional i view through the cylinder'and with the `pistonreinoved in order'to show the exhaust permitting passageway opening into the central portion ofthe piston chamber.

In the embodiment disclosed a cylinder member is employed embodying a barrel 7, a rear end wall 8 anda front head 9, forming a piston chamber 10. In this piston chamber is mountedv aepi'ston 11 which maybe of any desired or well known typelV v On one'side of the barrel 7 is a valve chest 12 having a longitudinal bore 13 therethrough that forms a'valve chamber. In the end portions of saidI valve chest Aand sur- 4r i11i'clii1gtlie chamber are eccentricallyrdisposed annular grooves 14 thatfhave commun'ication'with the en'd portions ofthe lpiston chambertlirough passageways '15. .AA motive fluid supply chamber 16 formed in onev side of thefvalve'cliesthas divergent passageways 17 leading Ato concentrically arranged 'annular'grooves 18 surrounding the valve chamber adjacent to but spaced from the 'grooves"14. The supply chamber 16 is in communication withl nipples 19 and 20 projecting at `right angles from the valve chest and forming' means that will' permit the coupling thereto of motive fluid supply hose` lObviously when the hose is connected to one of these nipples the otherV is lclosed by a suitable plug. y n' The valve chest is' furthermore provided with an eXhaustport 21 arranged on theV opposite side to the' chamber 16, and intersecting said port21 is an exhaustpermitting passageway 22 that opens into the central.'

portion of the piston chamber 10.` The outer end of thisY passageway 22 lis preferably closed, by a plug '28 so that Athe exhaust through the passageway 22 will in'd 'an outlet through vthe port 21. The port- 21 is also in communication with a central groove 24 surrounding the valve chamber and said "groove'24 is in communication with the central portion ofthe piston chamber 10 by a portV 25. Onopposite sides of the groove 24`are relatively deep grooves 26`that are in communication with .the exhaust-permitting passageways 27 openind'into the end portions or' the pistonchamher 10, but be-l tween the passageways 15. Other annular grooves 28 are formed in the valve chest around the lvalve chamber between the grooves 18 and the grooves26, and each of these grooves 28* is in. communicationk with the moreV distantgroove 26 by` a''pay'ssage way shown diagrammaticallyl at 29.

" The open ends of the valve chambereare closed byplugs 8O secured in place by a centralV bolt`v 31 extending longitudinally through the valve chamber, and thesek plugs have sleeve portions 32 that fit within theend portionsof the valve chamber and terminate at the grooves 28. They are provided with radial openings 83 establishing com-l munication between the grooves 14 and the interior end portions 34 of the bores of said sleeves, andsaid bores are enlarged at their inner ends, forming internal shoulders 35.

yThe enlarged portions of they beres yare in communication with the radial ports 36. y e

A reciprocatory valve 37l operatesfin the valve chamber and surrounds the bolt 31. It is provided with a central groove 38, on oppositesides olvwhich are formed enlarged valve heads or flanges BQft'liat `control communication'between 'the grooves 26 'and the exhaust groove 24. Itis also providedwith reduced end valve portions 40 adapted to grooves `18 ,through operate in the enlarged portions of the b res of the closure plug sleeves and by abutting against the shoulders 35, control communication between the grooves 14 and 18.

The operation of this valve isas follows: Assuming the parts in the position illustrated in Figure 3 and with motive fluid supplied to the chamber 16, the piston ll has completed its working stroke and the distributing valve 37 is in its rearmost position. It will thus be evident that fluid from the chamber 16 will pass through the left handV passageway 17 to the groove 18 and passing through the ports 36 will flow into the outer endV of the left hand closure plug 30, thence through the ports 33 into the groove 14, and by the passageway 15, will enter the left hand en'dof theV pistony chamber l0 and operate on the front end vof' the piston to drive it rearwardly. The

exhaust can take place through the passageway 22, port and port 27 and out of vthe common exhaust port 21. As the piston travels rearwardly or to the right hand the passageway 27 will be uncovered and consequently live motive fluid entering said Vpassageway will find its way through the left hand groove 26 and the passageway 29 com municating therewith into the right hand groove 28. It will be noted by reference to y Figure?) that the valve is so 'constructed that when its end is abutted against the intei-nal shoulder 35 the outer face of' the right hand head 39 of said valve will be in the groove 28 and this motive fluid will thus act against saidv face. This face, however, is of slightly less area than the end surface of the valve exposed to the motive fluid flowing through the ports 36 and consequently thevalve will not be overbalaneed, but will remain'in the position illustrated in Figure 3'until the piston 11 has passed the rearpassageway 27 when fluid then trapped behind the piston will be compressed and the pressure thus built up will extend through the passageway 15, groove 14, ports 33 and the inner end of the bore 34. It will consequently be exerted against the `right hand end of the valve and the combined pressure thereby exerted on said end and on the face of the right hand head 39 will shift the valve to the right. The piston will now be in the position illustrated in Figure 4.andl as shown motive fluid will now enter through the groove 13j ports 36, bore 34, ports 33, groove 14 and right hand vpassageway 15 with the rear end of the piston while the exhaust will take place ,through the reverse series of ports to that stood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details ofl construction, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of' the advantages of' Ythe invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I. claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 1. In a fluid operated motor, the combination with a cylinder member having a pis- `7 ton` chamber and a reciprocatory piston operating therein, of a valve chest having a valve chamber, means for supplying motive fluid to the end portions of the valve chest, intake passages for 'directing such motive fluid from the endsof the valve chest to the ends of the piston chamber, said piston chamber having exhaust permitting passages between the intake passages opening into the valve chamber between .the supply means, an exhaust outletY from the valve chest between the exhaust permitting'passages, a distributing valve in the valvevchamber having end portions that controll the passage of motive fluid from the supply means to the intake passages and spaced valve flanges that controlvthe exhaust of fluid through the exhaust permittingv pas sages to the outlet, kthe surface areas of the said end portions being greater than lthe surface areas of said flanges, means for intermittently supplying live motive fluid alternately against saidl smaller surface` areas of' the flanges during a portion of the piston stroke while maintaining corresponding pressure against the opposite larger surface areas to Yhold the valve against shifting, while relieving the corresponding end portion area of the valve of pressure, and means controlled bythe piston as it reaches the limit. of its stroke to deliver motiveiiuid under pressure against said kend portions and supplementing the pressure against the flanges to shift the valve.

2. In a fluid operated motor, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston operating therein, of a valve chest having a valve chamber, means for supplying motive fluid to the end portions of the valve chest, intake passages for directing such motive fluid from the ends of the valve chest to the ends of the piston chamber, said Vpiston chamber having exhaust permitting passages between the intake passages opening into the .valve chamber between'the `supply means, an exhaust outlet from the valve chest -between the exhaust permitting passages, a distributing valve in the valve chamber having end portions that control the passage of motive fluid from the supply means to the intake passages, and an enlarged portion on an intermediate part of the valve for controlling the exhaust of fluid from they exhaust permitting passages to the outlet, said enlarged portion having opposite pressure faces, and recesses around the valve chamber 1n which the faces operate, each of said recesses having a pas-v chamber, means for supplying motive fluid f to the end portions of the valve chest, intake passages for directing Vsuch motive fluidl from the ends of the valve chest to the ends of the piston chamber, said piston chamber having exhaust permitting passages between the intake passages, spaced grooves around the valve chamber into which the exhaust permitting passages respectively open, an exhaust outlet from the valve chamber between the grooves, a distributing valve in the valve chamber having reduced end por-4 tions controlling the passage of motive fluid from the supply means to the intake passages and having an intermediate portion provided with oppositely disposed pressure faces, said portion controlling the exhaust of fluid from the exhaust permitting passages to the outlet, and grooves around the valve chamber on the opposite outer sides of said spaced grooves, the outer groove on each side being connected to the opposite one of the spaced grooves bya passageway,

said passageways being independent of each other, and said outer grooves receiving the oppositely disposed pressure faces.

4'. In a fluid operated motor, the'combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a piston therein, of a valve chest having an open ended valve chamber, motive fluid supply means includingA annular grooves in the end portions of the valve chest surrounding the chamber, other annular grooves in said valve chest adjacent to the first grooves and having communication with the end portions of the piston chamber, closure plugs for the ends of theA valve chest having,v

sleeve portions that lit within the ends of the valve chamber andv extend across the grooves, said tubular portions having their inner ends spaced apart and having ports communicating with the grooves, and a reciprocatory valve having its end portions operating in the sleeve portions of the plugs and controlling communication alternately between the ports of the adj acent grooves, said valve,

having flange portions that are of substantially the diameter of the plugs and operate between their inner ends.

5. In a fluid operated motor, the combina-',

tion with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston operating therein, of a valve chest having a'valve chamber, means for supplying motive fluid to the end portions of the valve chest, intake passa-ges for directing such motive fluid from the ends of the valve chest to the ends of the piston chamber, said piston chamber havingl exhaust permitting passages between the intake passages opening into the valve chamyber between the supply means, anv exhaust outlet from the valve` chest between the ex-l haust permitting passages, 'a distributing valve in the valve chamber having end portions that control the passage of vmotive fluid from the supply means to the intake passages and spaced valve flangesthat control the exhaust of Huid through the exhaust permitting passages to the outlet, the surface areas of the said end portions of the valve being greater than the surface areas of said flanges, means for intermittently supplying live motive fluid alternately against said smaller surface areas of the flanges during a portion of the piston stroke, while relieving the corresponding end `portion area of the valve of pressure and maintaining fluid pressure against the opposite'end of the valve to prevent its movement, and means con-- trolled by the piston as it reaches the-limit of its stroke for compressing the motive fluid in the ends lof the piston chamber and transmit the pressure thereof against the end portions of the valve to supplement the pressure WILLIAM NAISMITH. 

